Population Projections are usually carried out immediately after the release of census results so as to provide annual estimates of future population counts broken down by age and sex. Nonetheless, projections are to be updated whenever new evidences concerning factors of population growth emerge, especially when such evidences are different from the assumptions on which the projection was based. In this context, the 2007/2008 Rwanda Interim Demographic and Health Survey (RIDHS) has shown different fertility and mortality levels than those incorporated in the latest (2004) set of Population Projections which was carried out after the release of the 2002 Census results. This is in fact what has prompted updating the population projections of Rwanda.